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This is an introduction to an informative and factual blog post about programming in C, which is the fifth most popular computer programming language on the planet. After reading this blog post, you will be able to program in C. What are the benefits of learning C? C is necessary for programmers who wish to work on low level systems programming or embedded systems programming. It's also used for car hacking. What do you need to learn C? You should know how to program in another programming language, which is the case with most programmers. For Windows users, you should have Cygwin. Cygwin contains gcc, gdb and other important tools for compiling/debugging C code. For *nix users, use your native compiler. Your native compiler should support C99 standard if possible. How big is the C language? C is a small language because all of it's feature are built into the grammar itself without adding any additional keywords or pre-processor directives that modify the grammar of the language itself. It's like learning basic English grammar. It's rather simple, but there are rules you need to follow if you wish to sound like an actual native speaker. What are the major programming paradigms? C is a procedural programming language. Its major concepts are variables, conditional statements (and if/else) and loops (for/while/do). C doesn't allow for function or class definitions. All procedures must be placed in one .c file that is compiled into an executable file, which is an .exe on Windows and .out on *nix systems. What are the data types in C? There are two major types of data types: integral and floating-point. Integral data types are signed and unsigned. Signed integral data types can contain positive or negative values, while unsigned integral data types can only contain positive values. Floating-point types can contain a fractional component. Integer variables must be initialized to some value upon declaration, while floating-point variables must be assigned a value before they can be used. How do you declare a variable? What is the syntax of a variable declaration? There are three steps: first declare the type of your variable, second initialize it with some value and third, optionally give it an identifier name. An identifier name cannot have spaces in it, as that will cause compilation issues as well as possible run time errors. Let's have a look at some code fragments. int i; is the simplest form of variable declaration. It declares an integer variable, called i, which can be referenced by using the name i. int i = 0; declares an integer variable called i, but now it has an initial value of zero instead of being declared with no initial value. char c = 'a'; declares a character variable with the name c that will contain the letter A. Colons are not allowed in char type variables. float f = 0.5f+0.5f; creates two floating-point variables called f and g with assigned values of 0 heretofore plus half point plus half point respectively. cfa1e77820
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